According to the film, it is now perfectly common for most grocery store meat to contain strains of Salmonella that are resistant to more than one drug. That means that contracting Salmonella, a treatable bacteria even if your immune system doesn’t fight it off on its own, could lead to serious sickness or even death, even among healthy people. This is a significant medical setback. Many experts in the film warn of a return to a “pre-penicillin” era, where our arsenal of antibiotics are no longer effective and the consequences of contracting even a minor infection could be dire.

“Most of the structure of modern medicine relies on the deployment of antibiotics,” says Maryn McKenna a journalist and author who specializes in drug-resistant infectious disease, in the film. Doctors will continue to prescribe antibiotics even while they are aware that overuse is contributing to resistance. And the meat industry’s use of antibiotics is equally entrenched. Daily usage of antibiotics is driven by extremely slim profit margins that make it impossible for farmers to shoulder the loss of even a few animals to disease. In order for these farmers to loosen their ties to antibiotics, a shift toward less-crowded, and less-concentrated, animal farms.

There is some precedent for eliminating antibiotic usage in the meat industry–the European Union banned antibiotics in 2004 after a public outcry against dosing practices. Resistance profiles doctors and farmers in Denmark testifying to the continued success of their meat industry since the policy change. Farmers adjusted quickly to the changes and profits in the meat industry rose (and similar efforts have taken place in the Netherlands). Given that Denmark produces the same number of pigs as Iowa, the U.S.’s largest pork-producing state, experts in the film argued that similar changes here are highly feasible.

Resistance ends on a different note than many similar documentaries. Rather than providing the audience with a few soundbites about ways to take action in their personal lives and tackle the problem from the ground up, this film emphasizes the role of policy change. While we can try and control our own over exposure to antibiotics, real reform will require change at the top. In a recent post-screening panel in New York City, several experts discussed local and federal policy initiatives to address the prudent use of antibiotics. But panelists made it clear that these efforts have not yet gone far enough and that the public must speak out loudly against antibiotic overuse.

“If the citizens became knowledgeable about this situation, they would take action,” said Dr. Martin Blaser, director of the New York University Human Microbiome Program, who pointed out that 148,000 people are already dying each year from antibiotic-resistant infection. “Left to its own devices, the situation will only get worse,” he told the audience.

More information about the Resistance screening tour at ResistanceTheFilm.com.